+|sy199005|Mr. Nanotechnology| |19981117|OL|PHY|An engineering visionary discusses the possibility of manipulating matter at the smallest levels and how that ability could shape the world's future....| |036320;366900;102240;348220;359920;448460;157880;018720;094480|
+|sy199006|Museums that Make Science an Adventure| |19981117|OL|PHY|Museums filled with "hands-on" exhibits are exciting and fun to explore, but they are also places where people can learn a lot about science and technology. ...| |378560;195980;378600;209380|
+|sy199007|The Hunt for the Giant Squid| |19981117|OL|LIF|As incredible as giant squids may seem, marine biologists know that they really exist. Now, the search is on to find these elusive creatures in their own deep-ocean domain....| |527540;280240;344710;524600;389520|
+|sy199008|Cloning Isn't Science Fiction Anymore| |19981117|OL|LIF|An achievement previously thought impossible may offer great promise in medicine, agriculture, and industry, but it also raises many serious issues--including concerns about human cloning....| |022520;060513;102240;119610;138180;179660;179640;219740;220270;220280;253940;366880;433620;465200;465205|
+|sy199009|New Tools of the Art Conservator| |19981117|OL|HUM|Art conservators increasingly rely on sophisticated scientific methods to rescue precious works of art....| |031960;410780;524840;003240;512480;359360;319880;211400;409660;611840;113900|
+|yb129171|TORONTO (1929)|1929|19981117|OC|HIS|During 1929, important work undertaken by the Canadian Pacific included the extension of terminal facilities of Quebec and Toronto, construction of an office building at Toronto, and construction of a great hotel at Toronto at a cost of $15,000,000. ...| |561660|
+|yb131171|TORONTO (1931)|1931|19981117|OC|HIS|Sir Robert Falconer, for twenty-five years president of the University of Toronto, retired in June because of ill-health. The Reverend Canon H. J. Cody of Saint Paul's Anglican Church, Toronto, was chosen to succeed Sir Robert. ...| |561660|
+|yb133171|TORONTO (1933)|1933|19981117|OC|HIS|In 1933, representatives of Great Britain and of the various dominions met at the British Commonwealth Conference in Toronto to exchange views as to ways and means of furthering the interests of the various parts of the British Empire. ...| |561660|
+|yb134171|TORONTO (1934)|1934|19981117|OC|HIS|This was a year of anniversaries in Canada. Toronto, with an elaborate series of pageants and ceremonies running through much of the summer, celebrated its hundredth birthday as an incorporated town. The history of the city, however, goes back to a ...| |561660|
+|yb135170|SAN DIEGO (1935)|1935|19981117|OC|HIS|Commemorating four centuries of progress in the West, the 1935 World's Fair in San Diego, officially named the "California Pacific International Exposition," opened on May 29 and closed on November 11, Armistice Day. Its site was 1400-acre Balboa Park,...| |487940|
+|yb136170|SAN DIEGO (1936)|1936|19981117|OC|HIS|The 1936 edition of the California Pacific International Exposition opened on February 12 in Balboa Park, San Diego. New flowers and shrubs added to the beauty of the 600-acre grounds, and a new mobile lighting system was installed. ...| |487940|
+|yb137171|TORONTO (1937)|1937|19981117|OC|HIS|United States Secretary of State Cordell Hull made a goodwill trip to Canada in 1937. From Ottawa, Secretary Hull went to Toronto, accompanied by the Governor-General and the Prime Minister, and was honored by the University of Toronto with its ...| |561660|
+|yb138171|TORONTO (1938)|1938|19981117|OC|HIS|The first Canadian air mail--from Montreal to Vancouver, via Ottawa, Toronto, and Winnipeg--was successfully flown on December. 1. ...| |561660|
+|yb141172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1941)|1941|19981117|OC|HIS|Built at a cost of about $16,000,000, the Washington, D.C., airport was officially opened for use on June 16, 1941. Carefully planned to accommodate an increasing load of traffic, it combines functional design with attractive landscaping. Covering ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb148169|PHILADELPHIA (1947)|1947|19981117|OC|HIS|In 1947, a Philadelphia city ordinance appropriated $525,000 to the Philadelphia Bureau of Traffic Engineering. The money was used to improve street lighting and traffic signal systems. ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb148172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1947)|1947|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington, D.C., residents, who have long sought their own city government and full citizenship rights, took heart in 1947 when a new ally appeared for their cause. Local self-government, participation in presidential elections, and Congressional ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb149169|PHILADELPHIA (1948)|1948|19981117|OC|HIS|In 1948, three political parties held national conventions in Philadelphia to choose their candidates for President and Vice-President: the Republicans, the Democrats, and the Progressives. ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb149171|TORONTO (1948)|1948|19981117|OC|HIS|Canadian unions were concerned with weeding out Communist elements within their ranks. The Canadian Congress of Labor suspended the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers at its convention in Toronto in October. ...| |561660|
+|yb150171|TORONTO (1949)|1949|19981117|OC|HIS|In April, the Swedish Ball Bearing Company (S.K.F.) started to build a $1,000,000 factory in Toronto to make bearings for the Canadian export markets. ...| |561660|
+|yb150172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1949)|1949|19981117|OC|HIS|Congress appropriated $5,400,000 in 1949 for the reconstruction of the White House in Washington, D.C., the official home of the President of the United States. Lorenzo S. Winslow was appointed as the architect. The Commission on Renovation of the ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb152171|TORONTO (1951)|1951|19981117|OC|HIS|The volume of business on the Toronto Stock Exchange ranked next to that of New York, and bank clearings were 9 per cent higher than at Montreal. ...| |561660|
+|yb153172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1952)|1952|19981117|OC|HIS|In Washington, the White House, under reconstruction for the past several years, was completed in early 1952. President Truman and his family returned there on March 27. They had lived across the street in Blair House since November, 1948. The White ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb154169|PHILADELPHIA (1953)|1953|19981117|OC|HIS|By the summer of 1953, the hub of Philadelphia's midtown shopping and business district had been razed, including the old Broad Street Station, a Pennsylvania Railroad terminal for seventy-one years. In its place will rise 25- to 30-story skyscrapers ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb154172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1953)|1953|19981117|OC|HIS|Home rule has been an important local issue in Washington for many years. Residents of the city dramatized their voteless condition during the Presidential inauguration. Earmuffs were distributed, which explained that Washington residents were "out in ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb155169|PHILADELPHIA (1954)|1954|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia voters in 1954 approved bond issues totaling $54,000,000 for sewage-disposal plants, recreation centers, hospital additions, and other public improvements. An urban traffic and transportation board was created by the city council. Its ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb155172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1954)|1954|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington, D.C., took steps in 1954 to conform with a United States Supreme Court decision outlawing racial segregation in schools. Students were being sent to the schools nearest their homes. Teaching and administrative staffs were assigned to ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb156169|PHILADELPHIA (1955)|1955|19981117|OC|HIS|Workers broke ground for a $20,000,000 transportation building in Philadelphia's Penn Center development, and plans were made for a $17,000,000 hotel. Formal dedication of the partly-completed Independence Mall, near Independence Hall, took place July ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb156172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1955)|1955|19981117|OC|HIS|Legislation passed by Congress and approved by President Eisenhower in 1955 gave residents of this city the right to vote for the first time in eighty years. They will be able to participate only in primaries selecting Presidential candidates, and not ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb157169|PHILADELPHIA (1956)|1956|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia inaugurated a new mayor, Richardson Dilworth, in 1956, and approved a $46,920,000 bond issue for public improvements. The city completed the $7,273,000 Frankford Creek flood-control project, a $7,290,000 modernization of Roosevelt ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb157170|SAN DIEGO (1956)|1956|19981117|OC|HIS|San Diego held its first annual Fiesta del Pacifico in July-August, 1956. The 33-day festival featured entertainment events such as The California Story, an outdoor musical play. ...| |487940|
+|yb157171|TORONTO (1956)|1956|19981117|OC|HIS|Toronto bustled with activity in 1956. Its population jumped to an estimated 1,347,905, more than one-fifth higher than in 1951. Experts estimated that the Ontario provincial population increased by 10,000 a month during the five-year period. ...| |561660|
+|yb157172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1956)|1956|19981117|OC|HIS|Citizens of the nation's capital voted in 1956 in their first public election in more than 82 years. An impressive 81 per cent of the registered voters cast ballots for Republican and Democratic convention delegates and committeemen. Capital residents ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb158169|PHILADELPHIA (1957)|1957|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia developed its own "land bank" program for industrial development in 1957. City-owned lands will be disposed of by the Redevelopment Authority, which will use the sale or lease proceeds to obtain new sites for sale. A nonprofit corporation,...| |426560;274300|
+|yb158171|TORONTO (1957)|1957|19981117|OC|HIS|The Trans-Canada pipeline link between Toronto and Montreal neared completion. But the link from Winnipeg to Toronto moved more slowly. Ontario planned the world's largest coal-burning electric power plants at Toronto and Hamilton. The two 1,800,...| |561660|
+|yb158172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1957)|1957|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington, D.C., was ranked as the third fastest growing city in the United States in 1957. Only Houston, Tex., and Los Angeles outgrew Washington. The nation's capital has grown one third larger since 1950, and had some 2,000,000 residents in 1957. ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb159169|PHILADELPHIA (1958)|1958|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia continued its face lifting in 1958. At Penn Center, across from City Hall, one major office building was completed and occupied and a second neared completion. Two apartment buildings were yet to be built in this development, which will ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb159171|TORONTO (1958)|1958|19981117|OC|HIS|The $17,000,000 Burlington Skyway across Burlington Bay opened in October. It allows traffic between Niagara Falls and Toronto to bypass Hamilton. In February, the Toronto Transportation Commission presented a $190,000,000 plan for a subway extension ...| |561660|
+|yb159172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1958)|1958|19981117|OC|HIS|Several construction projects began to change the appearance of Capitol Hill in 1958. The most dramatic plan involved adding 32 1/2 feet to the east front of the U.S. Capitol between the House and Senate wings. The $10,100,000 project, a subject of ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb160169|PHILADELPHIA (1959)|1959|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia moved to retain its strong industrial position among U.S. cities in 1959 and continue its major construction and reconstruction projects. The unique public-private Industrial Development Corporation of the city government and Chamber of ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb160171|TORONTO (1959)|1959|19981117|OC|HIS|Toronto approved the construction of a $200,000,000 subway extension over the next 10 years. Work began on the project late in the year. The city's Royal York Hotel opened a new $14,000,000 wing, making the hotel the largest in the British ...| |561660|
+|yb160172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1959)|1959|19981117|OC|HIS|The federal government started alteration work in February, 1959, on the Capitol's east front. The $10,000,000 front will be similar to the original structure, but will extend 32 1/2 feet farther out than the old center section. It will be completed ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb161169|PHILADELPHIA (1960)|1960|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia stepped up its campaign to get commuters to travel by train instead of by automobile. It created the Passenger Service Improvement Corporation to subsidize commuter service, and to provide parking space at outlying stations. The action ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb161171|TORONTO (1960)|1960|19981117|OC|HIS|In September, 1960, a new university--York University--opened its doors in Toronto. ...| |561660|
+|yb161172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1960)|1960|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington, D.C., hoped to have seen its last voteless presidential election. Congress passed a constitutional amendment to give District citizens the vote for President, Vice-President, and a nonvoting member of the House of Representatives. Hawai ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb162169|PHILADELPHIA (1961)|1961|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia voters in November decisively approved the largest amount of city loan authorizations ever submitted to them: $65,545,000. This sum will help finance 77 major public improvement projects. It includes capital for a revolving fund to ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb162171|TORONTO (1961)|1961|19981117|OC|HIS|New Universities appeared in Canada in 1961. In Toronto, Canada's first residential college for graduate students, Massey College, was made part of the University of Toronto. ...| |561660|
+|yb162172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1961)|1961|19981117|OC|HIS|Citizens of the District of Columbia were finally given the vote in March, 1961. With the rapid ratification of the Twenty-third Amendment by the necessary three fourths of the states, Washingtonians became eligible to vote for the first time since ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb163169|PHILADELPHIA (1962)|1962|19981117|OC|HIS|Richardson Dilworth resigned as mayor in the middle of his second term in order to run for the governorship. He lost. He was succeeded by city council president James H. J. Tate, who will hold the mayoralty until 1964. ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb163171|TORONTO (1962)|1962|19981117|OC|HIS|A long-lasting strike involving Canda's largest hotel, the Royal York in Toronto, was settled in April. A threatened strike by employees of the Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commission was referred to arbitration. ...| |561660|
+|yb163172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1962)|1962|19981117|OC|HIS|The President approved a report in June that is expected to have a wide influence in official building in the capital, and in cities across the country. The report endorses advanced architectural concepts for a new large-scale building program. It ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb164169|PHILADELPHIA (1963)|1963|19981117|OC|HIS|Improved mass tranist was in prospect for Philadelphia by the end of 1963. Extension of both the subway system and rails in suburban New Jersey were planned. But the biggest news was the state law establishing--effective Jan. 15, 1964--the ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb164171|TORONTO (1963)|1963|19981117|OC|HIS|Toronto's $45,000,000 University Avenue subway was opened February 28, giving the city a total of over eight miles of rapid underground transit. ...| |561660|
+|yb164172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1963)|1963|19981117|OC|HIS|Twice in 1963, deeply emotional events took place at Lincoln Memorial; the first, was almost joyous. The second was gravely moving. On August 28, 210,000 Americans met there to close their historic civil rights march in the capital. On December 22, ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb165169|PHILADELPHIA (1964)|1964|19981117|OC|HIS|Housed in the United States Pavilion at the New York World's Fair in 1964 was a model of a Philadelphia urban renewal project. It was selected by U.S. housing officials as the best example of urban renewal in the country. The model showed a ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb165172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1964)|1964|19981117|OC|HIS|Thanks to Amendment 23 of the U.S. Constitution, Washington, D.C., voted for the first time in a U.S. presidential election. Some 89 per cent of the city's registered voters cast ballots and more than 85 per cent voted Democratic. Supporters of a ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb166169|PHILADELPHIA (1965)|1965|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia elected its first Republican official since 1953. Arlen Specter, a 35-year-old Democrat running on the GOP ticket for the post of District Attorney, defeated the incumbent James C. Crumlish, Jr. Calling for "a return to reform," ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb166171|TORONTO (1965)|1965|19981117|OC|HIS|Toronto put on a festive mood with the opening of its new city hall on September 13. Two curved towers of 20 and 27 stories flank the low-lying, domed central building. The $30,000,000 concrete and steel structure is set in a 12-acre square across Bay ...| |561660|
+|yb166172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1965)|1965|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington, D.C., came within a legislative whisker of gaining the right to govern itself for the first time since 1871. But, despite political support of the White House, the House Representatives failed to approve a Senate-passed bill that would ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb167169|PHILADELPHIA (1966)|1966|19981117|OC|HIS|Its sights fixed on hopes for a big bicentennial observance of American Independence in 1976, Philadelphia revealed sweeping plans for improvement in regional mass transit and downtown redevelopment. Each plan hinges on the other. Together, they ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb167172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1966)|1966|19981117|OC|HIS|It was a frustrating year for the nation's capital. Last-minute maneuvers failed to get congressional action on self-government. Progress was halting in such vital areas as transit, freeways, housing, and urban renewal. Behind the scenes, however, the ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb168169|PHILADELPHIA (1967)|1967|19981117|OC|HIS|In a tight contest, Mayor James H. Tate won a second term by defeating District Attorney Arlen Specter by 10,892 votes. The absence of major racial outbreaks aided Tate who, in addition to giving strong support to his police department, banned any ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb168172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1967)|1967|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington, D.C., residents will recall 1967 as the end of one era and the beginning of another. President Lyndon B. Johnson successfully reorganized the District of Columbia government through his executive powers, and gave residents a greater ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb169169|PHILADELPHIA (1968)|1968|19981117|OC|HIS|A $180-million project to redevelop Philadelphia's central business district was announced in 1968. The project, called Market Street East, will be developed in the area between 7th and 13th streets and Arch and Walnut streets. About two-thirds of the ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb169172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1968)|1968|19981117|OC|HIS|Following the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., in April, the nation's capital exploded. Looters pillaged shops in the main shopping district while stores and houses in slum areas went up in flames. At the peak of the riot, which cost seven ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb170169|PHILADELPHIA (1969)|1969|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia opened the world's largest mint in August. The $39.4-million facility occupies a city block only a short distance from the site of the nation's first mint, which was opened in 1792, when Philadelphia was the nation's capital. ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb170172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1969)|1969|19981117|OC|HIS|President Richard M. Nixon endorsed a $29.7-million urban renewal grant in January for Washington, D.C., aimed at restoration of the areas devastated by riots in 1968. Attached to this money was a wide-reaching proposal in the form of a 12-point ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb171169|PHILADELPHIA (1970)|1970|19981117|OC|HIS|The city's 4,000 trash collectors staged a work slowdown in February, 1970, and forced Mayor James H. J. Tate to change his appointment of streets commissioner. Commissioner David Smallwood resigned in February, after what he termed an "accumulation ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb171172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1970)|1970|19981117|OC|HIS|President Richard M. Nixon signed the controversial District of Columbia crime-control bill on July 29, 1970. During his 1968 campaign, the President had called Washington the "crime capital of the world." ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb172169|PHILADELPHIA (1971)|1971|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia elected a new mayor in 1971, and many observers predicted a new mayoral style for the city. Democrat Frank L. Rizzo was elected in November to succeed Mayor James H. J. Tate, who was ineligible to run for a third consecutive term. Rizzo, ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb172171|TORONTO (1971)|1971|19981117|OC|HIS|Progressive Conservative William G. Davis, 41, was sworn in as Ontario's 18th prime minister on March 1. At the legislative session that opened March 30, Prime Minister Davis made a startling announcement: the controversial Spadina Expressway in ...| |561660|
+|yb172172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1971)|1971|19981117|OC|HIS|The District of Columbia gained representation in Congress in 1971 for the first time in almost a century. Walter E. Fauntroy, a Democrat, was chosen in a special election on March 23 to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives. Congressman Fauntroy,...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb173169|PHILADELPHIA (1972)|1972|19981117|OC|HIS|In June, 1972, President Richard M. Nixon and the U.S. Bicentennial Commission rejected plans to hold the United States 200th birthday party in Philadelphia. Preliminary plans had been made for a 1976 Philadelphia World's Fair, to be held in ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb173172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1972)|1972|19981117|OC|HIS|Two major developments in 1972 promised to improve public transit in Washington, D.C. The new Metro rail system received $3 billion to develop and operate a 98-mile rail network. Metro was also guaranteed an additional $1.2-billion in construction ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb174169|PHILADELPHIA (1973)|1973|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia endured one of the longest public school strikes in U.S. history in 1973. Philadelphia teachers went on strike on January 8 and returned to work on February 27. Approximately 260 of the city's 285 schools remained open on at least a ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb174172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1973)|1973|19981117|OC|HIS|Voter control over Washington's city government came a step closer in 1973. The two houses of Congress passed separate versions of a bill that would permit local residents to elect a mayor and city council. Under the proposed new governing structure, ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb175169|PHILADELPHIA (1974)|1974|19981117|OC|HIS|The nation's bicentennial celebrations began in Philadelphia on Sept. 5, 1974, when delegates from the 13 original colonies reconvened the First Continental Congress in historic Carpenters' Hall. On Sept. 5, 1774, the original Congress had convened in ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb175172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1974)|1974|19981117|OC|HIS|Home rule came to Washington, D.C., residents in 1974 for the first time in 104 years. On May 7, voters approved a new charter for the District of Columbia, which previously had been governed directly by the U.S. Congress. ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb176169|PHILADELPHIA (1975)|1975|19981117|OC|HIS|Mayor Frank L. Rizzo was reelected in November, 1975, despite losing the support of the city's regular Democratic Party organization. The organization supported state Senator Louis G. Hill in the primary, because Rizzo had supported President Richard ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb176172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1975)|1975|19981117|OC|HIS|Walter E. Washington became Washington, D.C.'s first elected mayor when he was sworn into office on Jan. 2, 1975. Mayor Washington, a black, had served as the appointed mayor of the city since 1967. ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb177169|PHILADELPHIA (1976)|1976|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia, the nation's birthplace, celebrated the American Revolution Bicentennial on July 4, 1976, with a re-enactment of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, an address by President Gerald R. Ford in front of Independence Hall, the ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb177172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1976)|1976|19981117|OC|HIS|President Gerald R. Ford and a number of high-ranking government officials gathered at the National Archives in Washington, D.C., on July 2, 1976, to pay tribute to the Declaration of Independence as part of the American Revolution Bicentennial ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb178169|PHILADELPHIA (1977)|1977|19981117|OC|HIS|Approximately 400,000 commuters were left without transportation on March 25, 1977, when Philadelphia's 5,000 transit workers struck for higher pay. Mayor Frank L. Rizzo said the city would not increase its offer, so the strikers staged a two-hour ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb178172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1977)|1977|19981117|OC|HIS|Twelve terrorists on March 9, 1977, simultaneously invaded the District Building, B'nai B'rith headquarters, and the Islamic Center. During the take-over, they killed a college radio reporter and injured several of their 134 hostages. The terrorists, ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb179169|PHILADELPHIA (1978)|1978|19981117|OC|HIS|The firing of Philadelphia's United States attorney, David W. Marston, by U.S. Attorney General Griffin B. Bell on Jan. 20, 1978, created an uproar in the city and became a source of embarrassment to President Jimmy Carter. Marston, a Republican, was ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb179172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1978)|1978|19981117|OC|HIS|A constitutional amendment that would give the District of Columbia voting representation in the Congress of the United States was approved by the Senate Aug. 22, 1978, and sent to the states for approval. The measure had been approved by the House of ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb180169|PHILADELPHIA (1979)|1979|19981117|OC|HIS|Democrat William J. Green, a six-term veteran of the U.S. House of Representatives, defeated Republican David W. Marston, a former U.S. attorney, in the mayoral election on Nov. 6, 1979. Green succeeds Frank L. Rizzo, who tried unsuccessfully to amend ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb180172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1979)|1979|19981117|OC|HIS|Plans conceived in the 1960's to renovate the stretch of Pennsylvania Avenue connecting the Capitol with the U.S. Department of the Treasury Building came closer to realization in 1979. The General Services Administration announced on January 8 that ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb181169|PHILADELPHIA (1980)|1980|19981117|OC|HIS|Three City Council leaders were indicted on May 22, 1980, for accepting bribes from a Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent posing as an Arab millionaire in the so-called Abscam scandal. George X. Schwartz resigned as City Council president ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb181172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1980)|1980|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington voters approved, by a 3-2 margin, a referendum on Nov. 4, 1980, calling for the nation's capital to become the 51st state. The proposal would limit the federal district to a small area surrounding the mall, the Capitol, and the White House, ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb182169|PHILADELPHIA (1981)|1981|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia weathered major school and transit strikes, witnessed heated battles between its mayor and City Council, and registered continuing signs of economic decline during 1981. ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb182172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1981)|1981|19981117|OC|HIS|District of Columbia voters, in a referendum held on Nov. 3, 1981, rejected a school-tuition tax credit that could have reduced Washington city income taxes by as much as $1,200 for each of a taxpayer's children who attended a private school or a ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb183169|PHILADELPHIA (1982)|1982|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia celebrated its 300th birthday in 1982 with a variety of festivities set against a backdrop of municipal belt-tightening that saw no pay increases for the city's major municipal unions. However, the unions--representing police, fire ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb183172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1982)|1982|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington, D.C., started 1982 with a record cold spell and two tragic accidents. On January 13, an Air Florida Boeing 737 jetliner taking off from Washington's National Airport on a flight to Tampa, Fla., hit the 14th Street bridge and plunged into ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb184169|PHILADELPHIA (1983)|1983|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia voters on Nov. 8, 1983, elected W. Wilson Goode as the first black mayor in the city's 301-year history. Goode, 45, a Democrat and son of a sharecropper, captured 55 per cent of the vote. His opponents--John J. Egan, Jr., a former ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb184172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1983)|1983|19981117|OC|HIS|Mayor Marion S. Barry, Jr., was inaugurated for a second term on Jan. 2, 1983, after receiving a strong mandate from constituents in his November 1982 reelection. The Barry administration proposed a relatively austere $2-billion budget for fiscal 1984 ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb185169|PHILADELPHIA (1984)|1984|19981117|OC|HIS|In one of the biggest scandals in the history of the Philadelphia Police Department, 20 former officers by the end of 1984 had been convicted on bribery charges or had pleaded guilty to such charges, and 14 of them had been sentenced to prison. ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb185172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1984)|1984|19981117|OC|HIS|Federal law officials in 1984 conducted several investigations into the administration of Washington Mayor Marion S. Barry, Jr. A probe of alleged drug use by district employees led in June to the conviction of Karen K. Johnson, a city worker, on ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb186169|PHILADELPHIA (1985)|1985|19981117|OC|HIS|Philadelphia was preoccupied during much of 1985 with the aftereffects of a disaster that occurred on May 13. A dispute between city officials and a radical group called MOVE ended that day when police bombed a West Philadelphia house where members of ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb186170|SAN DIEGO (1985)|1985|19981117|OC|HIS|San Diego Mayor Roger Hedgecock was found guilty in San Diego County Superior Court on October 9, 1985, of illegally funneling more than $360,000 into his 1983 campaign and of lying about it. He had been overwhelmingly reelected 11 months earlier ...| |487940|
+|yb186171|TORONTO (1985)|1985|19981117|OC|HIS|Toronto, Canada's largest metropolitan area and its main commercial and financial center, appeared in 1985 to be heading into an era of unprecedented growth and development. Wrecking companies tore down old buildings throughout the city core, and ...| |561660|
+|yb186172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1985)|1985|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington, D.C., in 1985 celebrated the 10th anniversary of home rule. The system, which was approved by Congress in 1973 but did not go into effect until 1975, gave Washington the authority to pass its own local laws, subject to congressional review ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb187169|PHILADELPHIA (1986)|1986|19981117|OC|HIS|Displaced families from a west Philadelphia neighborhood that was destroyed by fire in 1985 when the city bombed the home of a radical group moved into new houses on the same site in the spring and summer of 1986. The row houses were built by the city ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb187171|TORONTO (1986)|1986|19981117|OC|HIS|Toronto, Canada's largest metropolitan area and its main financial and manufacturing center, was buoyed by another year of growth and development in 1986. The continuing surge of prosperity prompted some grand schemes for the future, such as a huge ...| |561660|
+|yb187172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1986)|1986|19981117|OC|HIS|Democratic Mayor Marion S. Barry, Jr., easily won a third four-year term on Nov. 4, 1986, receiving 61 per cent of the vote. His Republican challenger, City Council member Carol Schwartz, captured 33 per cent of the vote. ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb188169|PHILADELPHIA (1987)|1987|19981117|OC|HIS|The celebration of the 200th birthday of the United States Constitution in 1987 was centered in Philadelphia, the city where the document was written. On September 17--the anniversary of the signing of the Constitution--humid, showery weather failed ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb188171|TORONTO (1987)|1987|19981117|OC|HIS|Toronto, Canada's largest urban area and main financial center, was a paradox of prosperity and poverty in 1987. Signs of flourishing growth and development in the city coexisted with the specter of homelessness and hunger for many people. ...| |561660|
+|yb188172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1987)|1987|19981117|OC|HIS|Federal investigators in 1987 conducted several wide-ranging probes into charges of corruption within the District of Columbia government. Mayor Marion S. Barry, Jr., who began a third four-year term in January 1987, repeatedly denied any wrongdoing. ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb189169|PHILADELPHIA (1988)|1988|19981117|OC|HIS|Using a city regulation that empowers officials to seal houses they declare "public nuisances," Philadelphia Mayor W. Wilson Goode on July 25, 1988, began a campaign against crack, a concentrated, smokable form of cocaine. Goode moved to close down ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb189170|SAN DIEGO (1988)|1988|19981117|OC|HIS|San Diego had success with a program to increase available low-cost housing for the homeless. In 1987, the city relaxed building codes and granted low-interest loans to developers who built single-room-occupancy hotels, a traditional source of ...| |487940|
+|yb189171|TORONTO (1988)|1988|19981117|OC|HIS|Toronto, Canada's most heavily populated urban area and chief manufacturing and financial center, continued to prosper in 1988--and continued to struggle with a housing crisis brought about by its prosperity. Another unwanted by-product of prosperity ...| |561660|
+|yb189172|WASHINGTON, D.C. (1988)|1988|19981117|OC|HIS|Washington, D.C., voters on Nov. 8, 1988, returned five incumbents and elected one newcomer to the 13-member District of Columbia Council. William P. Lightfoot, Jr., an independent, won an at-large council seat vacated by Republican member Carol ...| |592880;093610;601480|
+|yb190169|PHILADELPHIA (1989)|1989|19981117|OC|HIS|Major national developers who have taken an interest in Philadelphia since the mid-1980's began to transform the city's skyline in 1989, particularly in Center City, the downtown district. The developers have been attracted to Philadelphia because its ...| |426560;274300|
+|yb190171|TORONTO (1989)|1989|19981117|OC|HIS|Enthusiasm for "megaprojects," including a new sports stadium and bids for a world's fair and the 1996 Summer Olympic Games, were major themes during 1989 in the public life of Toronto, capital of Ontario, Canada's richest province. At the same time, ...| |561660|
